Biosensing and Bioelectronics based on Organic Electrochemical Devices
Giuseppe Tarabella, Pasquale D’Angelo, Agostino Romeo, Salvatore Iannotta
IMEM-CNR, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism - National Research Council Viale Usberti 37/A
Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma (Italy)
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Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have been successfully exploited in various types of biosensors and show many advantages, such as easy fabrication, low cost, biocompatibility, high sensitivity and flexibility. In this talk, examples of EOCT-based biosensors are reported, including a cell-based biosensor, the detection of liposome-based nanoparticles and the monitoring of redox dynamics of pigments. The device is based on the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS and shows unique properties of low-voltages operation and working in liquids, realizing an ideal interface between electronics and biology.1 All of this sensors show promising performance and are suitable for real applications. 1. A novel cell-death sensor was developed by using an OECT through a Transwell membrane directly integrated in the organic transistor. Cellular death was induced by drugs and other chemical substances to normal and cancer cells. The OECT electrical response was monitored showing that the device output is sensitive to the cells death.2 2. OECT integrated in a microfluidic system is used for sensing and monitoring of bare-liposomes and liposome-based nanoparticles,3 as well as monitoring cationic micelle formation.4 3. OECT has been exploited as a tool for the analysis of redox properties of phase-responsive pigment biopolymers, such as eumelanine.5 4. Finally, we present an example of how organic bioelectronics offers ideal platforms to build artificial devices to study living beings by mimicking their properties. We disclose the possibility to build a hybrid-bioelectronic OECT based on a living being – the slime mould Physarum Polychephalum Cell (PPC) – acting as a biological electrolyte,6 and implementing a logic element.
[1] New opportunities for organic electronics and bioelectronics: ions in action.
G. Tarabella, F. Mahvash Mohammadi, N. Coppedè, F. Barbero, S. Iannotta, C. Santato and F. Cicoira. Chemical Science, 2013, 4, 1395-1409.
[2] Monitoring Drug-Induced Cellular Death by Organic Electrochemical Transistors.
A. Romeo, G. Tarabella, P. D’Angelo, C. Caffarra, D. Cretella, R. Alfieri, P.G. Petronini and S. Iannotta. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2015, 68, 791-797.
[3] Liposomes Sensing and Monitoring by Organic Electrochemical Transistors Integrated in Microfluidics.
G. Tarabella, A.G. Balducci, N. Coppedè, S. Marasso, P. D'Angelo, S. Barbieri, M. Cocuzza, P. Colombo, F. Sonvico, R. Mosca, S. Iannotta. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA)-General Subjects, 2013, 1830, 9, 4374-4380.
[4] Real-time monitoring of self-assembling worm-like micelle formation by organic transistors.
V. Preziosi, G. Tarabella, P. D’Angelo, A. Romeo, M. Barra, A. Cassinese, S. Iannotta. RSC Advances, 2015, 5, 16554-16561.
[5] Irreversible Evolution of Eumelanin Redox States Detected by an Organic Electrochemical Transistor: En Route to Bioelectronics and Biosensing. G. Tarabella, A. Pezzella, A. Romeo, N. Coppedè, P. D’Angelo, M. Calicchio, M. d’Ischia, R. Mosca and S. Iannotta. J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013, 1, 3843-3849.
[6] A Hybrid Biological/Organic Electronic Device Endowed with Sensing and Memristive Properties Based on the Physarum Polycephalum Cell. G. Tarabella, P. D’Angelo, A. Cifarelli, A. Dimonte, A. Romeo, T. Berzina, V. Erokhin and S. Iannotta. Chemical Science, 2015, 6 (5), 2859-2868.